Kwimarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwangoko, ukuqhelaniswa nomgaqo-nkqubo kucacile, kwaye amanani enkxaso-mali ayabonakala.Inani elikhulu lee-brand ezizihambelayo likhokela ekuthatheni iingcambu kurhwebo ngeemveliso zamandla amatsha ezingalinganiyo, kwaye lifumana inkxaso-mali etyebileyo.Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yokunciphisa inkxaso-mali kunye nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo "yamanqaku amabini", uxinzelelo lweempawu ezizimeleyo luye lwavela.

Ngaphantsi kwendlela eqhelekileyo yokuthandwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, izigebenga zamazwe ngamazwe nazo ziyakukhawulezisa ukuyila kwazo.

Ngomhla wesi-5 kuJuni, usuku lwehlabathi lokusingqongileyo, iimoto ngokubanzi zatyhila indlela yazo yokufakelwa kombane e-China, zithembisa ukuba ziya kufikelela “kwimeko ekhutshwayo enguziro”.I-Nandu ifunde kwiimoto eziqhelekileyo zaseTshayina ukuba ngo-2020, iya kusungula imodeli yamandla amatsha ali-10 kwimarike yaseTshayina.Ukongeza kwiimoto ezintsha, i-gm iphinda ivule ikhonkco loshishino oluphezulu, okwenza kucace ukuba iya kuvelisa iibhetri e-China, ebonisa ngokucacileyo isimo sayo esibanzi kumandla amatsha.

Hlanganisa ibhetri ukuze ungene kwikhonkco leshishini elinyukayo

Okwangoku, i-gm ayikaphehleleli imifuziselo yamandla amatsha amaninzi eTshayina.Ngokomzekelo, i-Chevrolet Bolt, esele inesiseko esithile semarike eNyakatho Melika, ayizange ingene eChina.Izithuthi ezintathu zamandla amatsha eziqaliswe eChina zezi: Cadillac CT6 plug-in hybrid, buick VELITE5 plug-in hybrid kunye ne-baojun E100 isithuthi sombane esisulungekileyo.I-buick VELITE6 plug-in hybrid kunye nodade wayo i-VELITE6 imoto yombane nayo iya kufumaneka.

Kwitekhnoloji yeGm's Global Executive vice-President kunye noTsien, uMongameli weGm China utyhile kwiimodeli zeendaba malunga nenkqubela phambili kule minyaka mihlanu izayo, "ukusukela ngo-2016 ukuya ku-2020, iya kusungula izithuthi zamandla ezili-10 kwimarike yaseTshayina, ngokulandelayo, kwakhona. iyakwandisa ngakumbi uyilo lwemveliso, kulindeleke ukuba iyonke ngo-2023, iimodeli zamandla e-huaxin ziya kuphinda kabini. "Oko kunokuthetha ukuba zininzi kangangeemoto ezingama-20 zamandla amatsha eTshayina kwiminyaka emihlanu.

Xa kuthelekiswa nenani leemodeli, enye ibhombu enkulu ye-gm ekufakeni umbane ngundoqo wezithuthi zamandla amatsha - iibhetri.Endleleni yokufakelwa kombane, i-gm ayizange iveze ngokuthe ngqo iipakethi zebhetri ezipheleleyo, njengoko uninzi lwabenzi beemoto besenza.Endaweni yoko, ikhethe ukudibanisa iibhetri zayo, izama ukuvula umxokelelwane weshishini ongasentla kunye nokwenza iibhetri ngokwezifiso zazo.I-Qian huikang ityhilelwe kwintatheli, njengoko iimveliso zibekwe kwimarike, i-saic-gmibhetri yamandlaIziko lophuhliso lwenkqubo liyasebenza ngoku, kwimveliso yasekhaya kunye neentengiso zendibano yebhetri yemoto yombane, le ikwayintlangano yehlabathi yesibini jikelele yeemotor ibhetri.Nangona kunjalo, i-gm ayikhange ibhengeze umthamo othile webhetri kunye nezicwangciso zamandla.

Kwangoko ngo-2011, iziko laseka ilebhu yebhetri ukwenza iimveliso zombane kwimarike yaseTshayina.

Isigebenga esilindileyo

Xa kuthelekiswa neemodeli ezininzi zombane ezisulungekileyo eziqaliswe ziimpawu ezininzi ezizimeleyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje, nangona i-gm inesicwangciso “esinokukhutshwa kweqanda”, isalindile emoyeni ngokwesantya.Ngokweshedyuli kunye nendlela yobugcisa, i-gm ayiziniki "umyalelo ofileyo".

“Kukho ixesha lotshintsho ukusuka kwimoto eqhelekileyo ukuya kwikamva elisulungekileyo lombane.Okwangoku, sikhuthaza ngamandla izithuthi zamandla amatsha, uphando lwezithuthi zombane ezisulungekileyo kunye nophuhliso, kunye nokukhuthaza intengiso.Ngokubhekiselele kwithayimthebhile yokurhoxiswa kwezithuthi zeoyile, kunzima ukuqikelela unyaka othile xa izithuthi zeoyile zemveli ziya kulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo yimfuno yabathengi kwaye ngaloo ndlela zihoxise kwimarike, ngoko asiyi kumisela ithayimthebhile ethile.Utshilo uQian.

Ukufezekisa "i-zero discharge" yendlela yobugcisa, i-gm ayikhatywanga nayiphi na itekhnoloji, i-gm yaseTshayina yombane, injineli eyintloko, uJenny (uJenniferGoforth) uthe isicwangciso sombane se-gm sigubungela ubuchwephesha obahlukeneyo, "nokuba yihybrid, iplug-in hybrid okanye itekhnoloji yombane esulungekileyo, sigxile kuzo zonke iinkalo zobuchwepheshe. "Ukwadize ukuba ukuze kuphunyezwe ikamva elithi “zero emission”, ukongeza kwiimodeli zombane ezisulungekileyo, iimodeli zeeseli zamafutha nazo zibandakanyiwe kwisicwangciso se-gm, kwaye kukho nezicwangciso zokusungula iimodeli zeeseli zamafutha kwimarike yaseMelika.

Ineminyaka yobuchwephesha beminyaka, kodwa ayinabundlobongela kwimarike yamandla entsha yaseTshayina.Ikwasikhumbuza esinye isigebenga, iToyota.

Ngaphandle kweminyaka yophando lwetekhnoloji engumxube kunye neeseli zepetroli, akuzange kube kulo nyaka umboniso wemoto waseBeijing apho iToyota yaqala yazisa iimodeli ezimbini zePHEV, iToyota corolla eyifaw kunye neGac Toyota ryling PHEV iinguqulelo.Ngelo xesha, Toyota motor (China) investment co., LTD., Usihlalo kunye nomphathi jikelele xiao Lin yihong SMW intatheli udliwano-ndlebe indlela yokuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba iteknoloji elungileyo, iToyota kufuneka ikwazi ukuzisa iimodeli zeemoto zamandla amatsha, inokuvumela abathengi ukuba bafikelele. It, "kwaye njalo ngokokubini ngokwexabiso, okanye ukusuka ekukhuleni kobugcisa, i-corolla, i-ralink ukuze isebenze njengesiseko sophuhliso lweemodeli ze-PHEV zikulungele ukuthandwa."Ukwadize ukuba imodeli ye-EV iza kuqaliswa ngokusesikweni ngo-2020. “I-Toyota nayo iza kuphuhlisa imodeli ye-EV esekwe kweyona modeli idumileyo phakathi kwabathengi baseTshayina kwaye ibonelele kubathengi baseTshayina ngendlela yehlabathi jikelele.

Zombini i-gm kunye ne-Toyota kubonakala ngathi "ziphoswe" ifestile xa izithuthi zamandla amatsha zifika kwaye zafumana inkxaso-mali ephezulu kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo nangona benogcino oluqinileyo lwetekhnoloji yemoto yamandla amatsha, zombini ngenxa yoqwalaselo lweshedyuli yokunyuswa kwemveliso yeenkampani zeemoto kunye iibhetri ezingezizo ezasekhaya.Kodwa ukuya ku-2018, izicwangciso ze-giants ziye zacaca ngakumbi, kunye neendawo ezininzi zokuqhuba.

Ukongeza kwezi nkampani zimbini, iBMW, ibrendi yodidi oluphezulu, yamkele imodeli “yebhetri-yokuqala” njengoko ikhuthaza kakhulu imifuziselo yamandla amatsha eTshayina.Isiqingatha sonyaka emva kokuveliswa ngokusesikweni kweziko lebhetri eliqaqambileyo leBMW ngo-Okthobha kulo nyaka uphelileyo, inqanaba lesibini leprojekthi yomatshini weebhetri sele liqalisiwe, eliza kusebenza njengesiseko semveliso yebhetri entsha yesizukulwana sesihlanu seBMW kwaye ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo Inkqubo yophando kunye nophuhliso lweBMW.Eli ziko liza kwenza ukuba abakwaBMW baphendule ngokukhawuleza kwimfuno yentengiso yezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina.

Ngokufanayo, i-mercedes-benz inonxibelelwano oluphambili kwintsebenziswano kunye ne-baic ekwakhiweni kweefektri zebhetri, ngelixa i-tesla, eyenza ingxolo enkulu malunga nesicwangciso sokwakhiwa kwefektri e-China, iphinde yabonisa ukuba umzi-mveliso waseTshayina uya kuba nemveliso yebhetri. cwangcisa kwiindaba zentlanganiso yabaninizabelo.Akunzima ukubona ukuba nangona i-joint venture okanye iimveliso zangaphandle zisemva kakhulu kwiimpawu zazo kumthamo wentengiso yezithuthi zamandla amatsha okwangoku, banenkululeko engakumbi yokwenza ngokwemeko ngokwakha iifektri zebhetri kunye nezinye iimodeli zokuvula. ikhonkco lamashishini.

Indlela yokujongana neempawu ezizimeleyo?

Ngenxa yokuqhelaniswa nomgaqo-nkqubo ocacileyo wentengiso yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwangethuba kunye nenani elikhulu lenkxaso-mali, inani elikhulu leemveliso ezizimeleyo zikhokele ekuthatheni iingcambu kurhwebo ngeemveliso zamandla amatsha ezingalinganiyo, kwaye zifumane inkxaso-mali etyebileyo.Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yokunciphisa inkxaso-mali kunye nokuphunyezwa kwenkqubo "yamanqaku amabini", uxinzelelo lweempawu ezizimeleyo luye lwavela.

Nandu ngaphambili kwakhona ingxelo ukuba nkqu amandla amatsha ngokufanelekileyo "umzalwana omkhulu" byd, kwakhona ngenxa yokuncipha inkxaso-mali, ukuhla inzuzo kunye nezinye izizathu, ibe whirlpool yenzuzo ukudodobala, ingeniso data ibonisa ukuba byd kwikota yokuqala inzuzo yehla 83% , kwaye i-byd kulindeleke ukuba ibe nokuhla okukhulu kwisiqingatha sokuqala senzuzo.Imeko efanayo yenzeke nakwimoto ye-jianghuai, enengeniso yayo kwikota yokuqala yehle nge-20%.Ukuhla kwenkxaso-mali yezithuthi zamandla amatsha sesinye sezizathu eziphambili.

Yiya ku-byd, umzekelo, nangona iteknoloji engundoqo ye-"SanDian", kodwa xa umgaqo-nkqubo utshintsha, ixesha elifutshane kwaye kunzima ukuhlawula ukwehla kweenkxaso-mali, njengezinto ezimbi, kwimboniselo yemboniselo, oku kuhlalutyo lokugqibela. , okanye imveliso ezimeleyo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha kufuneka iphuculwe, ngakumbi imodeli ye-EV inzima ukuhambisa inani elikhulu labathengi ukuthenga.U-Li shufu, usihlalo we-geely hold, naye ukhuphe "isilumkiso" kwinkomfa ye-BBS yamva nje eLongwan, esithi ngokuphinda kuvulwe ishishini leemoto e-China, ithuba eliseleyo kwiinkampani zemoto zaseTshayina yiminyaka emihlanu kuphela.Ukujongana nemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha, isiphumo sesikali kufuneka senziwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuqwalaselwa kwemarike

Umlinganiselo wezithuthi zamandla amatsha kufuneka uphuculwe

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, umthamo wentengiso iyonke yezithuthi zamandla amatsha iye yagcina ukukhula okuphezulu, kodwa izinga lokungena lilonke leemoto zabakhweli zamandla amatsha kwimarike yasekhaya lisengaphantsi kwe-3%, kunye nemiqobo yeempawu ezizimeleyo. intsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha azomelelanga ngokwaneleyo.Okubaluleke ngakumbi, umtsalane wezithuthi zamandla amatsha kubathengi ngabanye kufuneka ziqiniswe.Idatha ye-TalkingData ekhutshwe kwi-2017 ibonisa ukuba i-akhawunti yokuthenga yangasese kuphela i-50% yabasebenzisi bezithuthi zamandla amatsha, ngelixa ezinye zithengwa ngamaqonga okuhamba kunye namashishini, njl.Ukuphenjelelwa yimiba yomgaqo-nkqubo, iimpembelelo zeenqwelo zamandla amatsha kubathengi ngabanye zihlala ziphuculwe.

Kwaye ukwakha nje iimoto zinamandla amakhulu ezizwe ngezizwe, ezinoovimba bobugcisa abazizityebi kunye noovimba abaninzi beemodeli, ezifana neToyota kunye ne-gm ineminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 yamava kuphando kunye nophuhliso lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha, iToyota PHEV kunye neemodeli ze-EV zinokungeniswa ngaphandle Iimodeli ezithengiswa kakhulu iminyaka emininzi, i-BMW X1 kunye ne-5-series nazo zinokuba sedolophini ukuthenga "ikhadi eliluhlaza", isigebenga samazwe ngamazwe sinobunkunkqele kwimarike.

Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zayo azihlali phantsi.Ukuqonda ukuba iimveliso zayo azanelanga, i-byd ibhengeze ukuba iya kuhlaziya yonke imodeli yayo kwaye ingene "kwixesha elitsha lokwenziwa kwezithuthi".I-Geely, ebhengeze ukungena kwayo ngokubanzi kumandla amatsha kwiiveki ezimbini ezidlulileyo, iphinde iqiniseke kakhulu ukuba iya kungena kwimarike ephezulu kunye nenguqulo yamandla entsha yemodeli yayo ye-borui, i-borui GE.Ukuqwalasela ukuba kuphela i-770,000 yezithuthi zamandla amatsha zathengiswa e-China kulo nyaka uphelileyo (i-578,000 yazo yayiziimoto zabakhweli zamandla amatsha), kusekho indawo enkulu kwimarike.Nokuba i-brand ezimeleyo ayisekwanga, okanye isigebenga samazwe ngamazwe silinde ithuba, kusekho ithuba lokuthatha isabelo esikhulu kwimarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha.